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  Major Diseases of Cattle and Buffalo: Causes & MCQs Cattle and buffalo play a very important role in Indian agriculture and dairy farming. India is one of the largest milk producers in the world due to breeds like Gir , Sahiwal , Murrah , and others. However, livestock production is greatly affected by various diseases. Proper knowledge about disease causes, symptoms, prevention, and control measures helps farmers reduce economic losses and improve productivity. Fertility in Livestock, Oestrus, Parturition & Milk Secretion | Animal Husbandry Classification of Diseases in Cattle & Buffalo Diseases are broadly classified into: Bacterial Diseases Viral Diseases Parasitic Diseases Fungal Diseases Metabolic & Nutritional Disorders 1. Bacterial Diseases 1. Hemorrhagic Septicemia (HS) Cause: Pasteurella multocida Symptoms: High fever (104–106°F) Swelling in throat region Breathing difficulty Sudden death Prevention: Annual vac...

 Fertility in Livestock, Oestrus, Parturition & Milk Secretion | Animal Husbandry 🔹 PART 1: Measures & Factors Affecting Fertility in Livestock 1. Fertility in livestock mainly refers to: A) Milk yield B) Growth rate C) Ability to reproduce D) Body weight Answer: C Explanation: Fertility means the animal’s ability to conceive, carry pregnancy, and give birth successfully. 2. The most important factor affecting fertility is: A) Colour B) Nutrition C) Horn size D) Tail length Answer: B Explanation: Balanced nutrition ensures proper hormone production and reproductive health. 3. Deficiency of which mineral causes infertility? A) Calcium B) Phosphorus C) Iron D) Sodium Answer: B Explanation: Phosphorus deficiency delays puberty and causes repeat breeding. 4. Heat stress reduces fertility because: A) It increases feed intake B) It damages reproductive hormones C) It increases milk D) It improves ovulation Answer: B Explanation: High temper...

  Livestock Production & Management-Test series 1 ICAR / Banking / ARS – 50 MCQs 1. The normal gestation period of a cow is: A. 260 days B. 280 days C. 310 days D. 330 days Ans: B 2. Colostrum feeding is most important because it provides: A. Energy B. Minerals C. Antibodies D. Vitamins Ans: C 3. The ideal age for first calving in crossbred cows is: A. 18 months B. 24 months C. 30 months D. 36 months Ans: C 4. Which breed is known as the “milch queen of India”? A. Gir B. Sahiwal C. Red Sindhi D. Tharparkar Ans: B 5. The normal body temperature of cattle is: A. 36.5°C B. 37.5°C C. 38.5°C D. 39.5°C Ans: C 6. Dehorning is recommended at the age of: A. 1–2 days B. 1–2 weeks C. 2–3 months D. 6 months Ans: B 7. Which housing system allows animals to move freely? A. Tie-stall system B. Loose housing system C. Conventional system D. Intensive system Ans: B 8. The first milk after parturition is called: A. Skim milk B. Wh...

  TECHNOLOGY OF MILK & MILK PRODUCTS TEST SERIES – MCQ PRACTICE SET-1 SECTION-A: MILK – BASIC COMPOSITION & PROPERTIES Q1. Average fat percentage in cow milk is A. 2.5% B. 3.0% C. 3.5% D. 4.5% ✅ Ans: C Q2. Major protein present in milk is A. Albumin B. Globulin C. Casein D. Lactoglobulin ✅ Ans: C Q3. Lactose is a A. Monosaccharide B. Disaccharide C. Polysaccharide D. Reducing alcohol ✅ Ans: B Q4. pH of fresh milk is approximately A. 5.2 B. 5.8 C. 6.6 D. 7.4 ✅ Ans: C Q5. Specific gravity of milk ranges between A. 1.000 – 1.010 B. 1.015 – 1.020 C. 1.028 – 1.034 D. 1.040 – 1.050 ✅ Ans: C 🧪 SECTION-B: HEAT TREATMENT & PROCESSING Q6. Pasteurization temperature for HTST milk is A. 63°C for 30 min B. 72°C for 15 sec C. 85°C for 10 sec D. 100°C for 5 sec ✅ Ans: B Q7. LTLT pasteurization is also known as A. Flash method B. Holder method C. UHT method D. Sterilization ✅ Ans: B Q8. Purpose of pasteurization is to A. Improve...