A HUSBANDRY

 Care and Management of a Pregnant Cow  ICAR-based, standard, accurate information on Care and Management of Pregnant Cow , aligned with ICAR Manuals, Principles of Animal Husbandry & Dairy Science, and Livestock Production Management (LPM) textbooks. 1. Pregnancy Diagnosis Pregnancy must be confirmed by a veterinarian through rectal palpation after 60 days or by ultrasound after 30 days . Record the date of service and expected calving date (283 days) . 2. Feeding Management (ICAR-Recommended) a) Early & mid pregnancy (1–6 months) Maintenance ration + normal green and dry fodder Avoid overfeeding to prevent fat deposition → difficult calving Provide 1–2% body weight roughage + small concentrate Daily 50–60 g mineral mixture b) Late pregnancy (7–9 months) Calf growth is rapid → nutritional requirement increases. Provide 1–1.5 kg concentrates/day Increase green fodder Provide Vitamin A, D, E supplementation Provide salt lick alway...

  How to Care for a Newborn Calf Proper care of a newborn calf during the first few hours and days of life is very important for its health, growth, and future milk production. Many calves die due to improper management immediately after birth. With correct steps, you can save the calf, prevent diseases, and ensure strong immunity. 1. Immediately After Birth (First 30 Minutes) a) Clear Mucus As soon as the calf is born, clean mucus from nose and mouth . Make the calf breathe properly. b) Stimulate Breathing Rub the calf’s body with clean dry gunny bag/towel. This improves blood circulation. c) Disinfect Navel Dip the navel cord in tincture iodine (7%) . This prevents navel infection (navel ill). 2. Ensure Early Colostrum Feeding (Golden Milk) Colostrum is the first milk , rich in antibodies. It builds immunity. Golden Rule: “Within 1 hour, 10% of body weight.” A 25 kg calf should get 2.5 liters colostrum within first hour. Total 3 feedings in first 12 ...

  External Body Parts of Goat: How to Identify Health, Milk Production & Farm Profitability Introduction Goat farming is one of the most reliable and profitable livestock businesses, especially in countries like India. However, many farmers fail not because of lack of effort—but because they do not understand how to evaluate a goat properly . A goat’s external body parts act like a natural health report. By carefully observing them, you can: Identify healthy vs. weak goats Predict milk production capacity Select better breeding animals Improve long-term farm profitability 👉 In simple words: If you can read a goat’s body, you can predict your farm’s future. Also Read:  Goat Feeding Mistakes: Foods That Can Harm or Kill Your Goats Why External Body Parts Matter External body observation helps in: Early disease detection Selecting high milk-yield goats Reducing veterinary costs Improving breeding quality A healthy goat always shows clear visible s...

  गायीसाठी उत्तम दैनिक खाद्य मार्गदर्शक गायीचे आरोग्य, दूध उत्पादन आणि प्रजनन क्षमता ही सर्व गोष्टी योग्य आणि संतुलित आहारावर अवलंबून असतात. विशेषतः 300–400 किलो वजनाच्या गायींसाठी खाद्य व्यवस्थापन योग्य नसेल तर दूध कमी होणे, वजन घटणे, पचन बिघडणे किंवा प्रजननात विलंब अशा समस्या दिसतात. म्हणूनच आज आपण एका ३५० किलो सरासरी वजनाच्या गायीसाठी योग्य Daily Feed Plan पाहणार आहोत. ✔️ 1. कोरडा चारा (Dry Fodder – भूसा/कडबा) गायीच्या रुमेन कार्यासाठी कोरडा चारा महत्त्वाचा आहे. प्रमाण : 5–6 kg प्रतिदिन प्रकार : गव्हाचा भूसा, मका कडबा, बाजरी कडबा, सोयाबीन पेंढा ✔️ 2. हिरवा चारा (Green Fodder) हिरव्या चारामध्ये कॅल्शियम, प्रोटीन आणि फायबर भरपूर असते. प्रमाण : 15–20 kg प्रतिदिन प्रकार : नेपियर, ज्वारी, मका, गवार, लुसर्न, ओट्स ✔️ 3. कॉन्सन्ट्रेट / दाणेदार खाद्य (Concentrate Feed) दूध देणारी किंवा कोरडी गाय असल्यावर अवलंबून खाद्य बदलते. अ) गाय दूध देत नसेल (Dry Cow) 👉 1.5–2 kg / दिवस ब) दूध देणारी गाय 5–6 लिटर → 2–2.5 kg 7–8 लिटर → 3–3.5 kg 9–10 लिटर → 3.5–4 kg ✔️ 4. मि...

 Brooding Management Guide: Chick Care Before and After Arrival Introduction Brooding management is one of the most crucial stages in poultry farming. The success of your poultry business largely depends on how well you manage chicks during their early life. Proper care before and after the arrival of chicks ensures better survival rates, faster growth, and higher productivity. Newly hatched chicks are very delicate and cannot regulate their body temperature. They require a warm, clean, and stress-free environment. Even small mistakes in brooding can lead to high mortality and financial loss. This guide will help you understand every step of brooding management in a simple and practical way.

  External Body Parts of a Chicken           Understanding the external body parts of a chicken is the first step in poultry science. These parts help in identifying breed quality, health condition, productivity and behavior. Each external part—like the comb, beak, shank, wings and feathers—has a specific role such as protection, feeding, balance, temperature regulation and movement. For farmers and students, knowing these parts helps in: Selecting good-quality birds Detecting any disease symptoms early Handling birds safely

Goat Terminology (ICAR Based) – Important Definitions for Exams Introduction Goat farming plays a vital role in the livestock economy of India. For students preparing for agriculture, veterinary, and competitive exams (ICAR, AFO, JRF, state exams) , understanding standard goat terminology with scientific definitions is essential. These definitions are not only important for theory papers but are frequently repeated in exams . Most of them are derived from publications of the Indian Council of Agricultural Research and standard textbooks like G.C. Banerjee and Sastry & Thomas . This blog covers highly important, repeatedly asked definitions —explained in a simple, exam-ready format. 1. Basic Goat Terminology (VERY IMPORTANT 🔥) Goat (Capra hircus) Definition: “A goat ( Capra hircus ) is a domesticated small ruminant belonging to the family Bovidae, reared for milk, meat, fiber, and skin.” Author: ICAR (Handbook of Animal Husbandry) 👉 Exam Tip: Always write Capra hircus for sc...